• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    The present invention relates to a three-dimensional screen for multi-view video and its manufacturing method. In order for several people to be able to watch 3D images at the same time, it is necessary to increase the number of viewing areas. To this end, the number of viewing areas can be increased by using a prism plate consisting of a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array of prism cells capable of dispersing the incident beam in various directions against a three-dimensional image projection screen. The number of possible viewing areas and the arrangement of positions is determined by the number of scattering surfaces in the prism cell and the relative position of each scattering surface. According to the present invention, since the desired viewing area can be generated by the selective adoption of the prism cell, it is possible to construct a three-dimensional image display system that allows a plurality of people to simultaneously view the three-dimensional image.
    公开号:KR20010009720A
    申请号:KR1019990028253
    申请日:1999-07-13
    公开日:2001-02-05
    发明作者:손정영；시미르노브바딤브이；이혁수
    申请人:박호군；한국과학기술연구원；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    3-Dimensional imaging screen for multi-viewer and fabrication method
    The present invention relates to a three-dimensional image display screen (3-Dimensional Image Display Screen) and a method of manufacturing the same so that multiple people can simultaneously view a three-dimensional image without using glasses.
    The basic principle of the present invention is to use a beam dividing prism that corresponds to the size of one pixel on the screen. The beam dividing prism is used to vertically or horizontally and vertically and horizontally the beam incident on the screen according to its shape. Can be split simultaneously.
    Among the three-dimensional and three-dimensional image display systems currently known, the non-glass type except for the glasses type is called a viewing zone, except for the volumetric imaging system. The position where the image can be recognized is determined. However, the city area is limited in size and number, so it is difficult to watch more than one person. In order to enable the viewing of several people, a large number of viewing areas should be generated or the size of the viewing area should be increased so that many people can view simultaneously in one viewing area.
    The viewing area is formed by a lenticular, a parallax barrier, a spherical reflector, an IP (integral photography) plate, a fresnel lens, a holographic screen, etc. Or an image of the output aperture of the image projection lens. Therefore, there are many ways to generate many areas. The first is to use lenticular, Fresnel, and spherical reflectors as the screen, and to project the image using as many viewing areas as the image projector is needed. However, this method is the easiest to implement but is very inefficient.
    When a holographic screen is used as an image projection screen, a large number of views can be obtained with one screen.
    The holographic screen is a kind of optical element that acts as an optical element, and when the hologram is recorded, multiple exposures are performed by changing the position of the photoplate or the object, or by changing the position and the object of the photosensitive plate. By recording multiple exposures, you record multiple images of different objects on a single hologram. However, the multiple exposure hologram has a problem in brightness of the screen because the diffraction efficiency decreases in inverse proportion to the root of the multiple exposure times.
    As with lenticular screens, large-sized users can watch simultaneously, but it is inefficient because the number of people who can see is too small compared to the size of the screen. The method of increasing the field of view is possible by increasing the number of images viewing from different directions different from the size of the projection lens.
    In general, assuming that the shoulder width of the viewer is about 40 cm, at least 80 cm wide field of view is required for two people to view a three-dimensional image in a field of view. If the distance between our eyes is 6.5 cm, at least 13 different visual images are required to form a field of view of 80 cm. In order to increase the number of simultaneous viewers, there is a technical limitation because the size of the viewing area must continue to be increased by 40 cm or more, and the size of the projection lens as well as the number of images in other viewing directions must be increased. Therefore, the method of increasing the size of the field of view is inefficient than the method of increasing the number of field of view.
    One way to increase the number of viewing areas is to use a prism with an image screen that can disperse an image pixel by pixel.
    Among the prior arts for generating a plurality of viewing areas, a method using a lenticular, a Fresnel lens, or a spherical reflector may be easily implemented for a 3D image, but there is an inefficient problem. In particular, the lenticular screen can be viewed by several people at the same time by increasing the size of the viewing area in order to enlarge the size of the viewing area, but it is inefficient because the number of people who can see compared to the size of the screen is too small.
    In addition, the method using the holographic screen has a problem such as brightness of the screen because the multiple exposure hologram is theoretically inversely proportional to the root of the multiple exposure times and its diffraction efficiency is reduced.
    The present invention is to solve the problems of the prior art, an object of the present invention is to provide a multi-dimensional viewing screen for three-dimensional screen, while maintaining a good brightness of the screen on one screen to allow multiple people to watch at the same time Disclosed is a multi-dimensional viewing screen for a three-dimensional image forming a number of viewing areas according to the number of simultaneous viewers, and a method of manufacturing the same.
    The object of the present invention can be achieved as a technical idea to form a large number of viewing area in order to allow a large number of people to watch a three-dimensional image at the same time.
    The technical idea of the present invention is to use a prism plate composed of a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array of prism cells capable of distributing the projected image in various directions determined for each pixel unit together with the three-dimensional image projection screen.
    That is, in a three-dimensional image projection apparatus capable of viewing a three-dimensional image by projecting a subject on the screen, the screen is a transparent three-dimensional image projection screen positioned in the direction of the image incident beam, and the rear of the three-dimensional image projection screen A prism plate formed of prism cells having a plurality of incident beam scattering planes is combined to form a viewing area corresponding to the number of scattering planes of the prism cell.
    In addition, the prism plate is coupled in contact with the rear surface of the three-dimensional image projection screen, the three-dimensional image projection screen is configured to have a thickness sufficient to prevent interference patterns such as moore interference pattern,
    The prism plate may be installed at a position spaced apart from the rear surface of the 3D image projection screen by a predetermined distance, and the distance between the 3D image projection screen and the prism plate may interfere with the 3D image projection screen such as a Moore interference pattern. It is configured to have a proper distance without patterning,
    In addition, the prism plate is integrally formed by engraving or embossing on the back of the three-dimensional image projection screen having a predetermined thickness, and the three-dimensional image projection screen has a thickness sufficient to prevent interference patterns such as moire interference patterns. It is configured to have.
    1 is an explanatory diagram showing a principle of field view formation when projecting an image onto an image projection screen having spherical reflector characteristics.
    2 is an explanatory diagram showing a principle of viewing field when projecting an image onto an image projection screen having characteristics of a lens.
    3 is a structural diagram of a prism plate of the present invention.
    4 is a structural diagram of a prism plate for forming a three-view region and a seven-view region used in the present invention.
    FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing the formation of a viewing area when the prism plate coated with the reflective coating of the present invention and the transmissive three-dimensional image projection screen are combined.
    Fig. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing formation of a viewing area when the projection prism plate of the present invention and the transmission type 3D image projection screen are combined.
    <Explanation of symbols for main parts of drawing>
    1: Image generator 2: Image display screen
    3: projection lens 4: image projection screen
    5: Projected image 6: Image of output aperture
    7: viewer 8: output aperture
    9: object 1 10: object 2
    11,12 projection lens 13,14 output aperture
    15,16: Image 17 by image aperture
    18,19: phase 20 of the output opening: prism plate
    21: prism cell 22: incident beam
    23: Surface of Prism Cell 24: Front of Prism
    25: scattering plane in the prism cell
    26,27: two scatter planes not parallel to the plane of incidence of light
    28: angle between two dispersion planes (26, 27)
    29: scatter plane parallel to the front of the prism
    30: Normal direction of the prism front
    31: Beam on paper plane incident at α angle
    32: triangular prism shape 33: dove prism shape
    34: Four Facets Prism 35: Five Prism
    36: tripod 37: blind spot
    38: pentagram 39: hexagon
    40, 41: prism plate 42: projection lens
    43: output aperture 44: projected image
    45: three-dimensional image projection screen 46: prism plate
    47: prism cell
    48,49,50: scatter plane of each prism cell
    51,52,53: viewing area 54: thickness of the prism plate
    55: flat surface of the prism plate
    56: surface where the prism cell is engraved 57: object
    Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings for the configuration and operation of the embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail.
    According to the present invention, a prism plate composed of a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array of prism cells capable of distributing an image in various directions determined by pixel units is used together with a three-dimensional projection screen, or a prism cell is a three-dimensional projection screen plate. It is about the shape of the prism plate and the method of increasing the number of viewing areas by embossing or engraving on the back of the.
    FIG. 1 shows the principle of viewing field when projecting an image onto an image projection screen having spherical reflective characteristics.
    First, the image displayed on the image display screen 2 of the image generator 1 is projected onto the image projection screen 4 through the projection lens 3. The image 5 projected onto the image projection screen 4 can be seen by the viewer 7 in the region where the image 6 of the output opening 8 of the projection lens 3 by the image projection screen 4 appears. . The area where the image 6 of the output opening 8 of the projection lens 3 appears is called a viewing area.
    2 shows a principle of viewing field when projecting an image onto an image projection screen having characteristics of a lens.
    The images 15 and 16 by the projection lenses 11 and 12 of the object 1 (9) and the object 2 (10), respectively, appear on the image projection screen 17, and the image projection screen 17 is The images 18 and 19 of the output openings 13 and 14 of the projection lenses 11 and 12 are formed. Two viewing areas are formed by the two projection lenses.
    Figure 3 shows the structure of the prism plate of the present invention.
    In the prism plate 20 of the present invention, a prism cell 21 capable of dispersing the incident beam 22 in various directions is in contact with each other so that one-dimensional or two-dimensional It is arranged dimensionally. When used as a reflection type, the surface 23 of the prism cell 21 has a reflective coating to completely reflect incident light. The number of dispersion faces 25 in the prism cell 21 is equal to the number of viewing areas required and abuts against each other at an angle. If the front face 24 of the prism 20, i.e., two dispersing faces 26, 27 that are not parallel to the incident face of light, is symmetrical with each other in the normal direction 29 of the prism plate 20, between When the angle 28 of θ is θ, the beam 31 on the paper plane incident at the normal angle 30 and α angle is in the normal direction and 180 ° -θ + α angle at the dispersion plane 26. And, it is reflected by the dispersion surface 27 at 180 ° -θ-α. The reflection surface 29 is parallel to the front surface 24 and is reflected at an α angle. Θ should be as close to 180 ° as possible to eliminate reflections that may occur between the scattering planes.
    If the prism plate 20 is used as a transmission type, the surface 23 of the prism cell 21 does not need a reflective coating, and the transmission angle of the incident light by the scattering surface 25 is determined by the prism cell ( If the refractive index of 21) is n, sin -1 {ncos (θ / 2-α)} for the dispersing surface 26 and sin -1 {ncos (θ) for the dispersing surface 27 / 2 + α)}, and the dispersion plane 29 is given by sin -1 (nsinα). Depending on the angle of θ, the relative position of each viewing field can be closer or farther away.
    When the viewing area is required to be formed in the horizontal and vertical directions, the shape of the prism cell 21 has a triangular prism shape (32), the viewing area when the number of viewing areas that differ from each other according to the required number of viewing areas is two. If the number of 3 is a Dove Prism form (33), and the number of viewing area is increased as the Four (Four Facets) prism (34), the five-sided prism (35), six-sided, six-sided ... It has a prismatic shape. The length of these prisms must be at least equal to or greater than the height of the image projection screen.
    In the case of simultaneously forming the viewing area in the vertical and horizontal bidirectional or intermediate directions, the shape of the prism cell 21 is a truncated triangular pyramid 36, a truncated tetragonal pyramid 37, and a pentagonal band. (Truncated Pentagonal Pyramid) 38, Truncated Hexagonal Pyramid 39,... It has the form of the back.
    In order to make the brightness of each viewing area the same, the projection in the plane of each dispersion plane should have the same area.
    In the case of a one-dimensional array, the prism cell 21 preferably has a width smaller than the width of one pixel of the image projected on the image projection screen. Less than the cross-sectional area is good. In large cases, the resolution is reduced. In addition, if the pitch or width of the scattered plane is too small, diffraction by each scattered plane may cause overlapping visual field of view in the multi-view image, so that the width and number of scattered planes are minimized by the diffraction. It must be selected.
    4 shows an example of a prism plate for forming three-view and seven-view fields.
    By using the prism plate 40 in which the triangular prism cells 33 having different irregularities are arranged in one dimension, three viewing areas can be formed vertically or horizontally or in a desired direction. Using the prism plate 41 having two-dimensionally arranged prism cells 39 can form seven viewing areas in the up, down, left and right directions determined by the relative positions of the dispersion planes within the prism cell. Viewing formation in the desired direction is made possible by rotating the prism plate. The angle between the prism cell and the cell is also close to 180 ° to prevent reflection between the prism cell and the cell.
    5 shows the formation of viewing field when combined with a reflective prism plate and a transmissive three-dimensional projection screen.
    The image 44 of the object 57 is projected by the projection lens 42 onto a transparent three-dimensional image projection screen 45, such as a Fresnel lens or a transmissive holographic screen. The light beam that realizes this image is in three different directions by the scattering planes 48, 49, 50 of each prism cell 47 of the prism plate 46 lying proximate to the rear of the image projection screen 45. The images of the output opening 43 of the projection lens, i.e., the viewing zones 51, 52, 53 are formed in the space where the projection lens 42 is located. The viewing area 51 is formed by the dispersion plane 48, the viewing area 52 by the dispersion plane 49, and the viewing area 53 by the dispersion plane 50. The thickness 54 of the prism plate 46 does not need to be constant, and if the thickness thereof is constantly reduced or increased in the width or height direction, the position of the viewing region moves in proportion to the case where the thickness is constant.
    The prism plate 46 may be attached to the image projection screen 45 or may be used at a predetermined distance. The size of the prism plate 46 may be the same as that of the image projection screen 45. This floating distance is such that, based on the structure of the image projection screen 45, an interference pattern such as a Moore interference pattern that may be generated on the image projection screen 45 by the reflection beam by the scattering surface is prevented from being generated. do. The surface facing the image projection screen 45 of the prism plate 46 is the flat surface 55 of the prism plate 46 or the surface 56 on which the prism cell 47 is relief or intaglio. It doesn't matter which one. The surface 56 where the prism cell 47 is embossed or engraved is subjected to reflective coating. The image projection screen 45 and the prism plate 46 may be made into one by directly embossing or engraving the prism cell 47 on the rear surface of the image projection screen 45. In this case, the screen thickness should be thick enough to avoid moor interference patterns.
    Figure 6 shows the formation of the field of view when combining the projection prism plate and the transmissive three-dimensional image projection screen.
    This case is also described as in the case of FIG. 5, but the viewing area is formed in a space opposite to the projection lens with respect to the image projection screen.
    As described above, according to the present invention, the prism is formed by combining a three-dimensional image screen consisting of a Fresnel lens or a transparent holographic screen and a prism plate having various types of prism cells formed in one or two dimensions. Depending on the shape of the cell, the number and location of viewing areas can be formed as desired.
    In addition, according to the screen of the present invention, by determining the size of the dispersion plane of the prism cell and the correlation between the size of one pixel of the image by determining and adjusting the resolution of the screen without having to compromise the resolution of the screen several people You can watch at the same time.
    权利要求:
    Claims (17)
    [1" claim-type="Currently amended] In the three-dimensional image projection apparatus that can be viewed as a three-dimensional image by projecting a subject on the screen,
    The screen includes a transmissive three-dimensional image projection screen positioned in the direction of the image incident beam;
    A prism plate formed of a prism cell having a plurality of incident beam dispersion planes is coupled to a rear surface of the 3D image projection screen,
    And a viewing area corresponding to the number of dispersion planes of the prism cell.
    [2" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 1, wherein the prism plate is coupled in contact with the rear surface of the three-dimensional image projection screen, the three-dimensional image projection screen has a thickness sufficient to prevent the interference fringes, such as moore interference pattern Characterized in three-dimensional video screen for multi-view.
    [3" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 1, wherein the prism plate is installed at a position spaced apart from the rear surface of the three-dimensional image projection screen by a predetermined distance, the distance between the three-dimensional image projection screen and the prism plate is a Moor interference pattern on the three-dimensional image projection screen 3D video multi-view screen, characterized in that the distance is reasonable distance does not occur.
    [4" claim-type="Currently amended] The method according to claim 1, wherein the prism plate is integrally formed by engraving or embossing on the back of the three-dimensional image projection screen having a predetermined thickness, the three-dimensional image projection screen is such that the interference pattern such as moire interference pattern does not occur 3D video multi-view screen, characterized in that it has a sufficient thickness.
    [5" claim-type="Currently amended] The multi-dimensional image multi-layer of claim 1, wherein the prism plate is embossed or engraved in a one-dimensional array with prism cells having a size corresponding to one pixel size of an image projected onto a three-dimensional image projection screen. Viewing screen.
    [6" claim-type="Currently amended] The method of claim 5, wherein the prism cell has a height that is equal to or longer than the height of the three-dimensional image projection screen, the width is less than or equal to the width of one pixel of the image projected on the three-dimensional image projection screen. 3D video screen for viewing.
    [7" claim-type="Currently amended] The 3D image multi-view screen of claim 5, wherein the prism cell has a width greater than a width of one pixel of the image projected onto the 3D image projection screen.
    [8" claim-type="Currently amended] The 3D image multi-view screen of claim 5, wherein the prism cell is configured in the form of a triangular prism, a dove prism, a slope prism, a five-sided prism, a six-sided prism, or the like according to a required number of viewing areas.
    [9" claim-type="Currently amended] The multi-dimensional image multi-layer of claim 1, wherein the prism plate is embossed or engraved with a two-dimensional array of prism cells having a size corresponding to one pixel size of an image projected onto a three-dimensional image projection screen. Viewing screen.
    [10" claim-type="Currently amended] The screen of claim 9, wherein the prism cell has a cross-sectional area equal to or smaller than an area of one pixel of the image projected onto the three-dimensional image projection screen.
    [11" claim-type="Currently amended] The 3D image multi-view screen according to claim 9, wherein the prism cell has a cross-sectional area larger than an area of one pixel of the image projected onto the 3D image projection screen.
    [12" claim-type="Currently amended] The screen of claim 9, wherein the prism cell is configured in the form of a triangular prism, a tetragonal prism, a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism, or the like according to the required number of viewing areas.
    [13" claim-type="Currently amended] The 3D image multi-view screen according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the prism plate has a constant thickness, or the thickness of the prism plate is reduced or increased at a constant rate in the width or height direction. .
    [14" claim-type="Currently amended] The screen of claim 13, wherein the prism cell has a reflective coating formed on a surface thereof.
    [15" claim-type="Currently amended] The 3D image multi-view screen according to claim 14, wherein an angle between the dispersion planes in the prism cell is formed to be close to 180 °.
    [16" claim-type="Currently amended] A three-dimensional image projection screen and a three-dimensional prism plate comprising a prism plate comprising a one-dimensional or two-dimensional array of prism cells capable of distributing an image in various directions determined by pixel units on a rear surface of the three-dimensional projection screen; How to make a screen for multi-view video.
    [17" claim-type="Currently amended] 3D image projection screen and a method for producing a 3D image multi-view screen, characterized in that to form an embossed or engraved prism cell on the back of the three-dimensional projection screen, the image can be distributed in various directions for each pixel unit .
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    同族专利:
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    WO2001004665A2|2001-01-18|
    WO2001004665A3|2001-08-09|
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    引用文献:
    公开号 | 申请日 | 公开日 | 申请人 | 专利标题
    法律状态:
    1999-07-13|Application filed by 박호군, 한국과학기술연구원
    1999-07-13|Priority to KR1019990028253A
    2001-02-05|Publication of KR20010009720A
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    KR1019990028253A|KR20010009720A|1999-07-13|1999-07-13|3-Dimentional imaging screen for multi-viewer and fabrication method thereof|
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